WAS £47.95   SAVE £7.19

£40.76

Description

Contents

Contributors xi Preface xiii 1 Cancer in the twenty-first century 1 Natalie Doyle and Clare Shaw Introduction 1 What is cancer and what causes it? 1 Development and spread of cancer 2 What is the global burden of cancer? 4 Whom does cancer affect? 5 Historical perspective on cancer treatment 6 Cancer survivorship - living with and beyond cancer 9 Nutrition and cancer 10 References 11 2 Cancer and nutritional status 13 Alessandro Laviano, Isabella Preziosa and Filippo Rossi Fanelli Introduction 13 Nutritional status and outcome in cancer patients 13 Cancer cachexia 14 Pathogenesis of anorexia and reduced energy intake 16 Pathogenesis of wasting 20 Cancer cachexia: a neurological disease? 23 Summary 24 References 24 3 Treatment of cancer 27 Sanjay Popat Introduction 27 Treatment intent 27 Treatment setting 28 Treatment modalities 28 Conclusion 43 References 44 4 Effect of malnutrition on cancer patients 45 Louise Henry Introduction 45 Prevalence of malnutrition amongst cancer patients 46 Effect of malnutrition on outcome 61 Mortality 68 Type of cancer 69 Nutritional status as a prognostic indicator 69 Morbidity 70 Quality of life 71 References 75 5 Nutrition screening 83 Sian Lewis Introduction 83 Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment 85 Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool 89 Mini Nutritional Assessment 90 Nutritional Risk Screening 91 Malnutrition Screening Tool 91 Conclusion 93 Summary 93 References 94 6 Nutritional requirements of patients with cancer 97 C. Elizabeth Weekes Introduction 97 Energy 98 Methods used to estimate energy requirements 100 Disease-specific requirements 102 Staging and tumour burden 105 Treatment 105 Response to treatment 107 Tumour recurrence 107 Inflammatory response and cachexia 107 Protein 108 Micronutrients 111 What should we do in clinical practice? 112 Summary 114 References 115 7 The psychosocial influences of food choices made by cancer patients 121 Lucy Eldridge Introduction 121 Food and cancer 121 Influences to food choices 122 Other dietary approaches patients choose to take and the reasons why 125 Sourcing information 126 Summary 127 References 128 8 Nutritional support for the cancer patient 130 Clare Shaw and Jane Power Introduction 130 Food provision in a health care setting 130 Symptom management 136 Oral nutritional supplements 141 Artificial nutrition support 142 Summary 153 References 154 9 Late effects of cancer treatment in adult patients 158 Jervoise Andreyev Cancer is a chronic disease 158 What is survivorship? 160 Who should the dietitian aim to help? 160 The stocktaking interview at the end of the treatment 161 The metabolic syndrome 163 Management of the metabolic syndrome 164 Malnutrition in the cancer survivor 164 Summary 170 References 170 10 Nutrition and palliative care 173 Clare Shaw Introduction 173 The role of nutrition in palliative care 175 Psychological aspects of food intake 177 Nutrition support in palliative care 179 Management of nutritional problems 180 Artificial nutrition support in palliative care 182 Summary 185 References 185 11 Head and neck cancer 188 Bella Talwar Introduction 188 The impact of malnutrition 189 Treatment in head and neck cancer 189 Nutritional intervention and outcomes 192 Immunonutrition 195 Functional implications following surgery 196 Nutrition effects in radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy 201 Nutritional management 204 Nutritional screening 204 Nutritional assessment 206 Nutritional requirements 207 Oral nutrition support 208 Enteral nutrition support 209 Nutrition monitoring and rehabilitation 212 Summary 214 References 215 12 Nutrition in upper gastrointestinal cancer 221 Saira Chowdhury and Orla Hynes Introduction 221 Epidemiology and aetiology 221 The upper gastrointestinal anatomy 223 Clinical presentation 224 Staging 226 Treatment pathways and role of nutrition 227 Advanced disease 242 Summary 244 References 245 13 Cancers of the lower gastrointestinal tract 255 Jane Power Introduction 255 Nutritional management 261 Symptom management in palliative care 267 Summary 267 References 267 14 Gynaecological cancer 270 Mhairi Donald Introduction 270 Ovarian cancer 270 Endometrial cancer 272 Cervical cancer 272 Vulval and vaginal cancers 273 Nutritional issues 273 Nutritional implications of treatment 274 Medical problems 279 Nutrition and survivorship 283 Summary 283 References 283 15 Haemato-oncology 287 Gayle Black Introduction 287 Disease characteristics and nutritional implications at diagnosis 287 Nutritional implications during induction and intensification treatment 289 Stem cell transplantation (consolidation phase) 289 Nutrition support post-transplantation 299 Long-term implications following transplantation 304 Summary 305 References 305 16 Paediatric oncology 311 Evelyn Ward Introduction 311 Types of childhood cancers 312 Aetiology of malnutrition in children with cancer 315 Identification of nutritional risk 317 Nutritional support 318 References 329 17 Nutrition and breast cancer 334 Barbara Parry Introduction 334 The role of diet in breast cancer aetiology and survival 336 Gestational nutrition and subsequent birth weight 336 Breastfeeding 341 Body fatness, body composition and weight management 342 Alcohol 343 Dietary fat 345 Fruits and vegetables (including beans and pulses) 347 Dairy foods 351 Meat and meat products 352 Specific nutrient associations and nutritional supplements 353 Contaminants in foods 353 Physical activity 354 Benefits of physical activity to breast cancer survivors 355 Nutritional problems during breast cancer treatment 356 Summary 358 References 358 18 Nutritional management in prostate cancer 363 Kathryn Parr Introduction 363 Dietary factors that may reduce the risk of prostate cancer 364 Factors that may increase risk of prostate cancer 367 Dietary interventions and prostate cancer progression 368 Obesity/weight management 371 Nutritional issues during treatment for prostate cancer 371 Nutrition-related side effects of medications used to treat prostate cancer 372 Malnutrition in prostate cancer 373 Palliative care in prostate cancer 373 Summary 373 References 375 19 Lung cancer 379 Cherry Vickery Introduction 379 Diet and development of lung cancer 380 Nutritional status at presentation 381 Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer 382 Treatment of small cell lung cancer 383 Treatment of mesothelioma 384 Palliative treatments 384 Symptom management 386 Summary 388 References 388 Index 391

Back