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Contents

Notes on Contributors xi Introduction 1 Part I Concepts and Approaches 3 1 What is Social Policy? 5 Pete Alcock 2 Researching Social Policy 11 Vikki McCall 3 Social Needs, Social Problems, Social Welfare and Well-being 18 Nick Manning 4 Equality, Rights and Social Justice 24 Peter Taylor-Gooby 5 Human Rights and Equality 31 Deirdre Flanigan and Alison Hosie 6 Efficiency, Equity and Choice 38 Carol Propper 7 Citizenship 45 Peter Dwyer 8 Changing Behaviour 52 Jessica Pykett Part II Key Perspectives 59 9 Neoliberalism 61 Nick Ellison 10 The Conservative Tradition 67 Hugh Bochel 11 Social Democracy 73 Robert M. Page 12 The Socialist Perspective 79 Hartley Dean 13 Feminist Perspectives 86 Shona Hunter 14 Social Movements 92 Louisa Parks 15 Postmodernist Perspectives 98 Enrico Reuter Part III Historical Context 105 16 Nineteenth-century Beginnings 107 Bernard Harris 17 The Liberal Era and the Growth of State Welfare 113 Lee Gregory 18 The Modern Welfare State, 1940-1974 119 Robert M. Page 19 Crisis, Retrenchment and the Impact of Neoliberalism, 1976-1997 125 Howard Glennerster 20 Modernisation and the Third Way, 1997-2010 131 Martin Powell 21 Austerity Politics and Beyond 137 Martin Powell Part IV Devolution and Social Policy in the United Kingdom 143 22 Social Policy and Devolution 145 Richard Parry 23 Social Policy in Northern Ireland 152 Ann Marie Gray and Derek Birrell 24 Social Policy in Scotland 159 Lynne Poole 25 Social Policy in Wales 166 Paul Chaney Part V Contemporary Context and Challenges 173 26 The Climate Change and Sustainability Challenge 175 Adeline Otto 27 The Demographic Challenge 182 Jane Falkingham and Athina Vlachantoni 28 The Economic Context 190 Kevin Farnsworth and Zoë Irving 29 The Role of Religion 197 Rana Jawad 30 Divisions and Difference 203 Peter Matthews and Sharon Wright 31 'Race', Minority Ethnic Groups and Social Welfare 209 Steve Iafrati 32 Poverty and Social Exclusion 216 Simon Pemberton and Gerardo Javier Arriaga-García 33 The Distribution of Welfare 222 John Hills Part VI Welfare Production and Provision 229 34 State Welfare 231 Catherine Bochel 35 Paying for Welfare 237 Howard Glennerster 36 Taxation and Social Policy 244 Micheál L. Collins, Sally Ruane and Adrian Sinfield 37 Commercial Welfare 252 Chris Holden 38 Occupational Welfare 258 Margaret May 39 Civil Society Organisations and Welfare 266 Rob Macmillan 40 Informal Welfare 272 Stacey Rand 41 Welfare Users and Social Policy 280 Catherine Needham Part VII Welfare Governance 287 42 The Policy Process 289 Hugh Bochel 43 Managing and Delivering Welfare 295 Ian Greener 44 Accountability for Welfare 301 Jackie Gulland 45 Local and Regional Governance 308 Guy Daly and Howard Davis Part VIII Welfare Domains 315 46 Income Maintenance and Social Security 317 Stephen McKay and Karen Rowlingson 47 Employment 324 Adam Whitworth and Eleanor Carter 48 Healthcare 331 Catherine Marchand 49 Public Health 338 Tina Haux 50 Education in Schools 345 Elizabeth Cookingham Bailey 51 Lifelong Learning and Training 352 Claire Callender 52 Housing 359 David Mullins and Halima Sacranie 53 Social Care 366 Jon Glasby 54 Criminal Justice 373 Tim Newburn Part IX Experiencing Welfare 381 55 Experiences of Working-age Benefits 383 Ruth Patrick 56 Family Policy 389 Tina Haux 57 Children 395 Kitty Stewart 58 Young People 401 Aniela Wenham and Bob Coles 59 Older People 408 Kate Hamblin 60 Disability 414 Mark Priestley 61 Migrants 420 Rebecca E. Murray Part X International and Comparative Context 427 62 Comparative and International Analysis 429 Margaret May 63 Policy Learning and Transfer 436 Laura Bainbridge and John Hudson 64 The European Union and Social Policy 442 Linda Hantrais 65 Social Policy in Europe 449 Daniel Clegg 66 Social Policy in the United States 455 Phillip M. Singer and Scott L. Greer 67 Social Policy in East Asia 462 Misa Izuhara and Wenjing Zhang 68 Social Policy in the BRICS countries 469 Rebecca Surender and Amrit Virk 69 Social Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) 476 Rana Jawad 70 Social Policy in Low-income Countries 485 Patricia Kennett and Angelique Retief 71 Globalisation, International Organisations and Social Policy 494 Nicola Yeates Appendix: The Social Policy Association (SPA) 501 Index 503

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