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Contents

List of Tables xiii List of Illustrations xv Preface xix Acknowledgments xxi Introduction xxiii How SI Units Are Used in This Book xxv Part 1 Roadmap To Solving Detailing Problems 1 The Design/Detailing Process 3 1-1 Introduction 3 1-2 What Is Detailing? 3 Detailing as a Wicked Problem 4 1-3 The Drawing-Thinking-Drawing Cycle 5 1-4 Process Tools and Techniques 6 Process Tools 6 Practical Tips 8 1-5 Detailing Components and Process 11 The Four Aspects of Detailing 11 The Detailing Process 12 Example 12 1-6 Three Purposes of a Detail 16 Contributes to Design Concept 16 Resolves Problems of Connection or Transition 17 Coordinates with Adjacent Construction 17 1-7 Programmatic Concepts versus Design Concepts 17 2 Constraints 19 2-1 Introduction 19 2-2 Substrates and Adjacent Construction 19 Substrate Material 21 Substrate Condition 21 Substrate Size and Position 21 Substrate Space 21 2-3 Regulatory Requirements 22 Fire Tests for Finish Materials 23 Fire Tests for Construction Assemblies 27 2-4 Budget 28 2-5 Time 29 2-6 Climate 29 2-7 Local Labor Conditions and Trade Practices 29 2-8 Industry Standards 30 2-9 Materials 34 Aesthetic Qualities 35 Function 35 Safety and Health 37 Durability 38 Maintainability 39 Cost and Delivery Time 40 Sustainability 40 3 Function 41 3-1 Introduction 41 3-2 Concealment and Finish 41 Covering Substrates 41 Covering Joints and Connections 42 Hiding Mechanical and Electrical Services 46 3-3 Human Fit/Object Fit 49 Base Dimensions on Human Size and Reach or Object Size 49 Recognize Differences in Age, Height, Abilities 51 Provide Adjustable Details 52 Provide Alternate Fits 52 3-4 Safety: Protection from Accidental Harm 52 Use Nonslip Flooring 52 Avoid Sharp Edges Close to Human Contact 52 Provide Handrails and Guards When Necessary 53 Design Stairs Correctly 53 Mark Full-Height Glass 55 Avoid Single Steps 55 Avoid Slight Change of Level 55 Use Nontoxic Materials 55 3-5 Security: Protection from Intentional Harm 55 Use Locks, Detection, and Intrusion Alarms as Appropriate 56 Design Physical Barriers for the Level of Security Required 56 Use Electronic Surveillance When Required 56 Use Ballistic-Resistant Assemblies 56 Devise Space Plan for Supervision 57 3-6 Sustainability 58 Detail with Materials That Incorporate as Little Embodied Energy as Possible 58 Use Renewable Materials 59 Use Materials with High Recycled Content 59 When Possible, Use Products or Design Details That Can Reduce Energy Consumption 60 Use Local Materials 60 Use Materials with Low or No VOCs 60 Use Materials with Low Toxicity 60 Design Details and Select Materials to Minimize Moisture Problems 61 Use Durable Materials and Details 61 Design Details to Simplify Maintenance 61 Specify Materials and Design Details to Maximize Recycling Potential 61 Design Details for Reusability 62 3-7 Change and Relocatability 63 Design for Relocating the Detail with the Same User 63 Detail for the Same Function but with a Change in Users 63 Detail for a Change of Function of the Space with Different Users 64 3-8 Fire Resistance 64 Use Noncombustible Materials in Details 64 Limit the Amount of Flammable Materials 64 Use Applied Fire Retardants When Required 64 Use Only Tested and Rated Assemblies and Materials 65 Use Listed or Labeled Components 66 3-9 Acoustical Control 66 Noise Control and Reverberation 66 Transmission Control 68 Vibration and Impact Noise Control 72 3-10 Moisture/Water Resistance 74 Use Nonabsorbent Materials 74 Use Nonferrous Metals 75 Eliminate or Minimize Joints 75 Employ Overlap 75 Use Drips 75 Use the Correct Sealant and Joint Design 75 4 Constructability 77 4-1 Introduction 77 4-2 Structural Requirements 77 Basic Concepts of Structure 78 Use Simple Direct Bearing Connections Whenever Possible 79 Incorporate Beam Action 79 Use the Simplest Connections Possible 80 Use Redundant Connections or Bearing When Required 80 Use Structural Connections Approved by the Manufacturer 80 Use Removable Connections for Reuse Potential 81 4-3 Connections 81 Use the Appropriate Method for Rigid Connections 81 Determine Movable Connection Type Based on Use 82 Minimize Number and Types of Connections 82 Make Connections Accessible 83 4-4 Movement 83 Use Acclimated Materials 84 Use Relieved Backs on Wood 84 Use Control Joints 85 Provide Expansion Joints 85 Use Sliding/Overlapping Joints 86 Use Slip Joints 86 Use Building Expansion Joints 88 Provide Clear Space 88 4-5 Tolerances 89 Provide Shim Space 90 Provide Scribe 91 Use Reveals 91 Use Offsets 92 Use Filler Strips 92 Use Sliding or Overlapping Fit 92 Use Adjustable Connections 92 Give Adequate Clearance and Incorporate Intermediate Attachments 93 4-6 Clearances 93 Allow Space for Working and Assembly 93 Provide Space for Installation of Pieces 93 Allow for Tolerances 93 4-7 Durability 94 Self-Durable 94 Applied Protection 94 4-8 Maintainability 95 Cleanability 95 Adjustability 96 Repair and Replacement 98 4-9 Construction Process 99 Number of Parts 99 Sequence 100 Trade Division of Labor 100 Off-Shelf versus Custom Parts 101 Shop versus Field Fabricated 101 Part 2 elements 5 Dividing And Creating Space With Permanent Barriers 105 5-1 Introduction 105 5-2 Element Concepts 106 5-3 Function 106 5-4 Constraints 107 5-5 Coordination 108 Tolerance Coordination 108 5-6 Methods 109 Planar 109 Panelized 113 Barriers with Openings 118 Translucent 120 Partial Height 126 Thick 129 6 Dividing And Creating Space With Temporary Barriers 133 6-1 Introduction 133 6-2 Element Concepts 134 6-3 Function 135 6-4 Constraints 136 6-5 Coordination 137 6-6 Methods 137 Full Height 138 Partial Height 138 7 Overhead Limits-Ceilings 141 7-1 Introduction 141 7-2 Element Concepts 141 7-3 Function 144 7-4 Constraints 145 7-5 Coordination 146 Sprinkler Spacing 147 HVAC Coordination 148 Tolerance Coordination 149 7-6 Methods 150 Closed 150 Open 155 8 The Ground Plane-Floors, Stairs, And Ramps 159 8-1 Introduction 159 8-2 Element Concepts 159 Flooring 160 Stairs 161 Ramps 161 8-3 Function 162 8-4 Constraints 163 Fire Resistance of Floor Finishes 163 Fire Resistance of Structural Flooring Components 164 Slip Resistance and Tripping 165 Accessibility 165 Code Requirements 165 8-5 Coordination 168 Tolerance Coordination 168 Light Reflectance and Acoustic Coordination 169 8-6 Methods 169 Flooring 169 Handrails, Guards, and Stairways 175 9 Spatial Connection-Openings, Doors, And Glazing 179 9-1 Introduction 179 9-2 Element Concepts 180 Openings 180 Doors 180 Glazing 182 Window Covering 183 9-3 Function 185 9-4 Constraints 186 9-5 Coordination 187 9-6 Methods 187 Doors 187 Glazed Openings 189 Window Coverings 196 Part 3 Transitions 10 Wall Transitions 199 10-1 Introduction 199 10-2 Connections of Major Elements 199 10-3 Wall to Floor 200 Standard Bases 201 Featured Bases 203 Component Bases 208 10-4 Wall to Ceiling 209 Standard Ceiling Transitions 210 Structural Transitions 212 Planar Transitions 215 11 Planar Transitions 219 11-1 Partition to Partition 219 In-Plane Transitions 219 Plain Offsets 221 11-2 Floor to Floor 226 In-Plane Transitions 226 Plain Offset Floors 229 Interrupted Offset 229 11-3 Ceiling to Ceiling 231 In-Plane Transitions 232 Offset Transitions 234 12 Structural Transitions 239 12-1 Introduction 239 12-2 Columns 240 Column-to-Ceiling Transitions 240 Column-to-Floor Transitions 244 Column-to-Beam Transitions 246 12-3 Beams 250 Beam-to-Partition Transitions 250 Beam-to-Ceiling Transitions 252 Beam-to-Beam Transitions 254 12-4 Suspended Objects 255 Thin Supports 256 Clamps 256 Thick Supports 257 Rigid Supports 258 Appendix A: Resources 259 Appendix B: Industry Standards for Interior Materials and Products 261 Index 273

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